Very early signals article establish are particularly guaranteeing and then we decide to complete the global rollout of two-tier cost by early Q1. 
Turning now to expenses. I am going to go over these on an adjusted foundation, leaving out the influence of noncash onetime as well as other costs. Cost of income was $56 million in Q3, right up 28percent 12 months over season, representing 28per cent of income.
The increase ended up being primarily because of higher aggregator fees from higher revenue this quarter. Sale and marketing spending comprise $52 million, up 41percent year over seasons. This presents 26% of profits when compared to 23percent just last year. The vast majority of boost ended up being because of reentry paigns and new markets releases for Bumble and some abilities advertising and rebranding projects for Badoo.
Please note we have lower-than-normal advertisements invest in Q3 of just last year given COVID doubt and higher degrees of lockdown. G&A invest had been $24 million, upwards 35per cent 12 months over 12 months as a result of increasing headcount and public providers expenses. As a share of income, this is 12%, up a little from 11per cent last year. Product development spending totaled $14 million, upwards 36percent year over year.
It was 7% of profits compared to 6percent just last year. A lot of the enhance was also driven by greater headcount. Stock-based settlement expenditure when it comes down to one-fourth ended up being $24 million versus $9 million a year ago, primarily due to alteration of money awards at IPO and headcount increases. These expenditures resulted in next quarter modified EBITDA of $54 million, up 1percent on a year-over-year basis.
Adjusted EBITDA margin was 27% when compared with 33per cent last year. The real difference reflects both more expensive of money and advertising expenses this quarter. We reported a GAAP web losing $11 million versus a net lack of $23 million last year. Throughout the one-fourth, we in addition done another offering of 20.7 million Class a standard offers.
did not get any arises from the deal. Our very own finances and finances equivalents totaled $292 million since the end of the one-fourth. Finally, looking at our Q4 mindset.
And next, totally different topic, but software Store just looking to ensure you get your thoughts on the present adjustment truth be told there in addition to prospective influence to Bumble
Our company is pleased with our very own Q3 show. We provided stronger success and important advancement on numerous important projects. We feel good situated for the remainder of the entire year and continuing to grow top-line income in addition to bending to the operational leverage within design to supply proper margin. Thus, our company is pleased to raise our very own complete season 2021 guidelines for sales and adjusted EBITDA.
For Q4, we anticipate full revenue to be in the product range of $208 million to $211 million, symbolizing an improvement rate of 27per cent within midpoint regarding the array. We count on adjusted EBITDA to stay the number of $53 million to $55 million, which shows a margin of 26percent at the midpoint. For any full 12 months, this means revenue guidance inside range of $765 million to $768 million, representing a rise rate of 32per cent on midpoint associated with the variety. We count on modified EBITDA to stay in the range of $205 million to $207 million, which signifies a margin of 27percent during the midpoint.
Thank you so much for the times. And understanding that, driver, we’re willing to grab concerns.
Questions & Solutions:
[Operator directions] the very first question for you is from Cory Carpenter with J.P. Morgan. Your concern, kindly.
Many thanks for practical question. My very first a person is only wishing you can elaborate on Bumble app intercontinental development goals for the remainder of the year and into 2022 and exactly what geos the truth is many options or perhaps you’re many dedicated to. Thanks a lot.